Research progress of graphene-metal nanocomposites in sweat sensors

Abstract

Sweat, as a body fluid rich in physiological indicators, provides a unique window for non-invasive and continuous health monitoring. This article reviews the research progress of graphene-metal nanocomposites in sweat sensors. These materials significantly improve the sensitivity, selectivity, and long-term stability of the sensor through synergistic mechanisms, such as enhanced electron transport, improved catalytic activity, and construction of hydrophobic interfaces. This article focuses on the application breakthroughs of different composite systems in the detection of markers such as glucose, lactate, and ammonium ions in sweat. Future research should focus on the development of non-noble metal catalysts, interface bonding regulation, biocompatibility optimization, and microfluidic-flexible electronics integration to promote the practical application of wearable sweat sensing technology.